What do the abbreviations 'P.3d' and 'U.S.' represent in case citations?

What do the abbreviations 'P.3d' and 'U.S.' represent in case citations?

• A. Pacific Reporter Third Series and United States Reports
• B. Public Proceedings Third Division and Universal Statutes
• C. Pacific Court Law and United States Supreme Court decisions
• D. Patent Third Division and United States District Court decisions

Answer: (A)

In case citations, abbreviations point to where the opinion is published. P.3d stands for Pacific Reporter Third Series, a regional reporter that publishes appellate court decisions from western states. U.S. stands for United States Reports, the official reporter of the United States Supreme Court’s decisions. So these abbreviations identify the publication series for the cited opinion, not the court type or a nonstandard title. The other options use names that aren’t recognized reporters, so they don’t fit.

In case citations, abbreviations point to where the opinion is published. P.3d stands for Pacific Reporter Third Series, a regional reporter that publishes appellate court decisions from western states. U.S. stands for United States Reports, the official reporter of the United States Supreme Court’s decisions. So these abbreviations identify the publication series for the cited opinion, not the court type or a nonstandard title. The other options use names that aren’t recognized reporters, so they don’t fit.